Maxwell’s equations in materials

Electric displacement

The electric displacement is an auxiliary field defined as

𝐃=𝜖0𝐄+𝐏

where 𝐄 is the electric field and 𝐏 is the electric polarization density. 𝐃 satisfies Gauß’s law for diëlectrics which is analogous to Gauß’s law satisfied by 𝐄, however unlike 𝐄 its curl does not in general vanish ( ×𝐃 = ×𝐏).

Linear media

In the special case of a Linear diëlectric

𝐃=𝜖𝐄


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