Language MOC

Proto-Indo-European MOC

Indo-European constitutes the largest language family by speakers in the world, including the vast majority of the languages of modern Europe, Iran, and India. The reconstructed ancestral language is Proto-Indo-European, or PIE.

A probable cladistic tree of IE

  graph TD;
    IE[Indo-European]
    An[Anatolian]
    NIE[Nuclear IE]
    Toch[Tocharian]
    WIE[Core IE]
    ItCe[Italo-Celtic]
    CIE[Central IE]
    Ce[Celtic]
    It[Italic]
    ?[dialect chain?]
    Gk[Greek]
    Ar[Armenian]
    Al[*Albanian]
    Gmc[Germanic]
    BSl[Balto-Slavic]
    II[Indo-Iranian]
    IE-->An
    IE-->NIE
    NIE-->Toch
    NIE-->WIE
    WIE-->ItCe
    ItCe-->Ce
    ItCe-->It
    WIE-->CIE
    CIE-->?
    CIE-->Gk
    CIE-->Ar
    CIE-->Al
    ?-->Gmc
    ?-->BSl
    ?-->II

Internal nomenclature and structure from 2017. From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic.

Link to original

Grammar

Archeology and anthropology

Miscellaneous Tidbits

The development of ‘to be’ in Indo-European languages


moc | develop | sembr